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https://www.britannica.com/art/automatism-art
Automatism, technique first used by Surrealist painters and poets to express the creative force of the unconscious in art.
https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/a/automatism
Surrealist collage, putting together images clipped from magazines, product catalogues, book illustrations and other sources, was invented by Max Ernst, and was the first form of automatism in visual art. Ernst also used frottage (rubbing) and grattage (scraping) to create chance textures within his work.
https://smarthistory.org/surrealist-techniques-automatism/
Masson’s technique combined automatism with conscious refinements. This was typical of many Surrealist artists who employed forms of direct automatic production and then enhanced the resulting suggestive marks to create a more legible image. They also frequently left some forms vague so they could be interpreted in many different ways.
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/definitions/automatism.htm
Apart from Surrealism, other movements in which Automatism has played a role, include Dada, the gestural style of Action Painting and a late-1940s Canadian artist group known as Les Automatistes. Probably the most famous painters associated with automatic art are Salvador Dali (1904-89) and Jackson Pollock (1912-56).
https://www.widewalls.ch/magazine/automatic-drawing
Aug 24, 2016 · Pierre Gauvreau was a prominent Québécois painter who was a member of the Les Automatistes movement in Canada. Both Gauvreau and the group he was belonging to were highly influenced by Surrealists and by theory of automatism. That’s why many of them (including Gauvreau) rejected the idea of representation, and began creating abstract art.
https://www.artsy.net/gene/automatism
Automatism About A term from the field of psychology that denotes the separation between a person’s behavior and his or her consciousness of it, which the Surrealists applied to techniques of writing and artmaking that they believed unlocked the creative forces of the unconscious.
https://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/themes/surrealism/tapping-the-subconscious-automatism-and-dreams/
In psychology, “automatism” refers to involuntary actions and processes not under the control of the conscious mind—for example, dreaming, breathing, or a nervous tic. Automatism plays a role in Surrealists techniques such as spontaneous or automatic writing, painting, and drawing; free association of images and words; and collaborative creation though games like Exquisite Corpse.
https://www.dazeddigital.com/art-photography/article/43833/1/seven-female-artists-who-subverted-surrealism-dorothea-tanning-tate-modern
In 1924, French artist André Breton coined the term surrealism in his Manifesto of Surrealism as: “psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one proposes to express – verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner – the actual functioning of thought.“ This definition served the movement well, especially because it was inundated with men who were free to think ...
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